The United States Incarceration System - 1710 Words

The United States incarceration system is a structural foundation of punishment in which is formed by robust authoritarian power. The United States criminal justice system is not an institution to be underestimated, as it represents the highest incarceration rate of all world nations at a staggering 700 inmates per 100 thousand citizens (Krisberg, 7). Based on the social and political structure of democracy in the United States, it is argued that incarceration systems should follow the same roots of equality and freedom; however, the current format demonstrates otherwise. Currently, the United States criminal justice system faces issues of inhumane treatment due to the sheer overcrowding, which restrict inmates from just treatment within penitentiaries. This lack of equality standards was argued in the 2011 court case, Brown v. Plata, which California prison systems were forced to decrease prisons overcapacity rate from 175% to 137.5% due to the overwhelming amount of inmate mistreat ment (Koehler, 3). In the decision of Brown v. Plata (2011), supreme court justice Anthony Kennedy argued dignity should be an organizing principle in the United States justice system and demonstrated in all correctional facilities. Anthony Kennedy, along with guest lecturer, Jonathan Simon characterize dignity as a fundamental piece to the incarceration system, and without it, inmates are victimized to cruel and inhumane treatment. Dignity does not consist of domination and unequal treatment ofShow MoreRelatedThe Incarceration System Of The United States1025 Words   |  5 PagesIndeed, once upon a time the incarceration system was set in place with two firm duties: retribution and rehabilitation. When did these institutions, once considered virtuous and just, become the hallmark of inequality? On September 27th, 2015, Pope Francis remarked on a visit to a Philadelphia jail â€Å"It is painful when we see prison systems, which are not concerned to care for wounds, to soothe pain , to offer new possibilities,† a moving sentiment that would soon resonate with the American populationRead MoreThe Incarceration System During The United States1252 Words   |  6 PagesOur incarceration system once pursued two firm yet opposing goals: retribution and rehabilitation. The Age of Enlightenment spurred an influx of imprisonment ideologies that soon congealed into a justifiable approach towards criminals. Jails, workhouses, and prisons aimed to reintegrate lawbreakers back into society but not before they were punished. The precarious balance between such contradictory motives unfortunately proved impossible. When did this system, once considered virtuous and just,Read MoreIncarceration Of The United States Criminal Justice System1744 Words   |  7 PagesIncarceration Rates in the US are The United States criminal justice system has failed to rehabilitate criminals. Even after being punished for their crimes, convicts continue their wrongdoings without having gained valuable lessons from being incarcerated and are sent back to prison. Jails are supposed to aid those imprisoned by helping them gain skills that will reduce future occurrences and enable them to act morally in society. Punishing criminals is not as productive as it isRead MoreIncarceration Is A Method Used By The United States Criminal Justice System1364 Words   |  6 PagesIncarceration is a method used by the United States criminal justice system as a repercussion for certain unlawful actions. Criminal punishment varies upon circumstance of crime. The United States consists of approximately 125 federal prisons with approx. 200,000 inmates. According to statistics, women represent 6.7% of inmates in federal prison. When thinking of women in prison, one s first thought may be, â€Å"Wha t about the children?† In the United States, the numbers of incarcerated women areRead MoreThe New Jim Crow : Mass Incarceration1199 Words   |  5 PagesImagine if someone was able to change others perceptions on the American criminal justice system? Michelle Alexander was able to accomplish that by altering some people s entire perception on the American criminal justice system by focusing on our most pressing civil right issues of our time for some of those who did read her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration In The Age of Colorblindness. Michelle Alexander stated that The most despised in America is not gays, transgenders, nor even illegalRead MoreThe Judicial Corporal System Of Islamic Criminal Justice System Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesIncarceration, especially in the United States, is widely known to be a massive taxpayer burden— to the tune of over $52 billion per year (CITE p414). In 2012, the annual cost per inmate in the United States was approxim ately $21,000 for low risk inmates, and up to $34,000 for high risk offenders (CITE p386). Additionally, incarceration places a significant financial burden on the offenders themselves, because they would lose their current jobs, and any job prospects they would have in the futureRead MoreMass Incarceration : A New Form Of Slavery Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesMass Incarceration: A New Form of Slavery in the United States Lorena P. Ambriz History 12A Abstract Starting in the 1970s, the rising rate of imprisonment came to be known as Mass Incarceration. What was once an average of 100 people getting imprisoned for every 100,000 adults, prior to the 1970s, has now grown to become more than 600 individuals per every 100,000 adults imprisoned. With only five present of the total world population, The United States holds an astonishing 25 percent of theRead MoreAmeric Land Of The Incarcerated1296 Words   |  6 Pagesthe poem The Star Spangled Banner after witnessing the attack on Fort McHenry by the British Royal Navy in the War of 1812. The poem was sang to the tune of a well-known British song and eventually, Key’s once amateur patriotic poem became the United States national anthem in which the lyrics strongly symbolize our country’s perseverance and freedom. The Star Spangled Banner can be heard at a variety gatherings such as official military functions and sporting events where celebrity singers oftenRead MorePositive A nd Negative Impacts Of The Correctional System1514 Words   |  7 PagesFord Valdosta State University â€Æ' Introduction The correctional system as a whole has a significant impact on the United States. From policy, incarceration, sexual victimization, and those who oversee correctional facilities it all takes a toll on the country. Simply stated, it is the butterfly effect seen in action. When one decision, action, or lack thereof is implemented there will either be positive or negative consequences. Statistics encompassing sexual victimization, incarceration rates in theRead MoreAmerican Incarceration : Where We Are, And What Can Be Done?1518 Words   |  7 PagesYasir Choudhury Dr. Joà £o Vargas UGS 303 Mass Incarceration 5 October 2015 American Incarceration: Where We Are, and What Can be Done From its early inception as a necessary aspect of modern society to its broken state that can be seen today, the American penal system has changed radically in recent history from an institution that performed the duty of safeguarding the public from those too dangerous to be left unsupervised to a business model concerned more with generating a profit for shareholders

Standardized Databases And Benchmarks For Experiment

In order to evaluate which approach is better in this field, some standardized databases and benchmarks for experiment are designed. Many databases are designed for different kinds of methods, owing that different methods may have different assumptions on shapes. A commonly used database is 99shapes, by Kimia et al. It contains ninety nine planar shapes which classified into nine classes, with eleven shapes in each. Shapes in the same class are in different variant form, including occluded, noised, rotated, etc. Other databases including MPEG-7 Shape Dataset [5], Articulated Dataset, Swedish Leaf Dataset and Brown Dataset are used to have further experiments. Similar to [13], Precision and Recall is used for benchmark for the reason of fair comparisons. C. Results and Discussion Table I shows the optimal result from test on 99shape dataset. The numbers of points we sampled from the shapes are 50, 50 and 25 for RSD, RAD and TF respectively. For the articulated dataset, 45, 35 and 45 points are sample for RSD, RAD and TF. Retrieval result on articulated dataset was presented in Table I. We have noticed that result on 99shape from RAD is slightly better than RSD, while on articulated dataset RSD performs slightly better than RAD. During the above experiment, we tried to normalize the descriptors and found that experiment on 99 shapes received little influence from normalization while result from articulated dataset has some improvement. From the Table I, ourShow MoreRelatedFall Prevention: Are bed alarms overused?5686 Words   |  23 Pagesrates? A literature review was completed using the University of North Dakota’s Harley French Library online search. CINAHL, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library were the online databases used to access journal articles related to scheduled hourly patient rounding, bed alarms, and fall rates. Initially, a search using the CINAHL database with CINAHL heading bed alarm and limited to the English language yielded 14 articles, three which were appropriate to this study. The CINAHL headings bed alarm AND hourlyRead MoreToo Far Ahead of the It Curve2887 Words   |  12 Pagesposition was to favor selective (Max called it â€Å"surgical†) standardization. Indeed, many areas of clinical treatment—immunizations, pharmacy record keeping, aspects of diabetes care—could safely be standardized around best practices over which there were few disagreements. In other areas, though, standardized practices could have scary patient-safety consequences, and physicians had to be free to form their own judgments about which treatments were best for which patients. Lately, however, worrisomeRead MoreAssignment Cover Sheet : Programme Advanced Internet Development4584 Words   |  19 Pagesapplications in an oversaw domain. ASP.NET 4.5 boats as a major aspect of some piece of Visual Studio 2012 and contains numerous new and amplified elements. (koirala, 2014) (ASP.NET, 2012) 3. DATABASES (SQL SERVER 2012): Make beyond any doubt that we know which programming to utilize when wanting to make database for our site. At whatever point we plan to outline a site, verify you have all the equipment needed to begin a site. This is to verify your site look the best to the viewers. Likewise verifyRead MoreSample Resume : Application Verb3019 Words   |  13 Pagesor group. Traditionally the development of a shared-service organization (SSO) or shared-service centre (SSC) within an organization is an attempt to reduce costs (often attempted through economies of scale), standardized processes (through centralization). A global Service Center Benchmark study carried out by the Shared Services Outsourcing Network (SSON) and the Hackett Group, which surveyed more than 250 companies, found that only about a third of all participants were able to generate costRead MoreToo Far Ahead of the It6117 Words   |  25 Pagesposition was to favor selective (Max called it â€Å"surgical†) standardization. Indeed, many areas of clinical treatment—immunizations, pharmacy record keeping, aspects of diabetes care—could safely be standardized around best practices over which there were few disagreements. In other areas, though, standardized practices could have scary patient-safety consequences, and physicians had to be free to form their own judgmen ts about which treatments were best for which patients. Lately, however, worrisomeRead More4g Communication22481 Words   |  90 Pagesfailure. The user, device, or network can initiate handoff between networks. The device itself incorporates most of the additional complexity without requiring wireless network modification or employing interworking devices. Each network can deploy a database that keeps track of user location, device capabilities, network conditions, and user preferences. The handling of quality-of-service (QOS) issues remains an open research question. Overlay network: In this architecture, a user accessesRead MoreKnowledge Discovery And Data Mining9834 Words   |  40 PagesPeople in various organizations such as business, science, medicine, academia, and government collect such data and several commercial packages now offer general purpose Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining tools. The development of next generation databases and Management Information Systems has been empowered by data mining, which helps in extraction of hidden useful information and aimed at formulation of knowledge for taking decision by the organization. Thus goal of data mining and knowledge discoveryRead MoreOperational Risk Management50825 Words   |  204 PagesImplementation 2.3.4 Enhancements and Ongoing Adaptation 2.3.5 Integration into Bank-Wide Capital Allocation and Risk Management 2.4 Operational Risk Management as a Cycle 2.5 Risk Identiï ¬ cation and Assessment 2.5.1 Self-Assessment (Risk Inventory) 2.5.2 Loss Database 2.5.3 Business Process Analysis 2 .5.4 Scenario Analysis 2.5.5 Key Risk Indicators (KRIs) 2.5.6 Quantiï ¬ cation of Operational Risk 2.5.7 Exemplary Approaches to Calculating Regulatory Capital 2.6 Risk Treatment 2.6.1 Risk Avoidance 2.6.2 Risk MitigationRead MoreA Concise Guide to Market Research Using Spss71933 Words   |  288 Pagessuccessfully. What is Market and Marketing Research? Market research can mean several things. It can be the process by which we gain insight into how markets work, a function in an organization, or it can refer to the outcomes of research, such as a database of customer purchases or a report including recommendations. In this book, we focus on the market research process, starting by identifying and formulating the problem, continuing by determining the research design, determining the sample and methodRead MoreSupporting the Development of English Literacy in English Language Learners22851 Words   |  92 Pagespractices for promoting English literacy for English language learners. The report next reviews family literacy programs and special education programs and discusses cross-cutting issues in the acquisition of literacy, including assessments and benchmarks, accommodating multiple levels of English proficient students in literacy instruction, and integrating subject matter into literacy instruction. Finally, it concludes with a plea for additional research on the development of literacy for English

America missouri Free Essays

The Missouri compromise was a certain kind of agreement that was signed back in 1820, between the anti – slavery and pro-slavery factions in the United States congress . This agreement basically involved the primary regulations of slavery in the western territories. The agreement prohibited slavery in the former northern Louisiana territory exempting the upper boundaries of the proposed Missouri state. We will write a custom essay sample on America missouri or any similar topic only for you Order Now Prior before the agreement was met, the House of Representatives had refused to accept this kind of compromise and a conference committee was to be appointed to tackle the issues arising from this compromise. Justices would not have been achieved in lieu of such a case where struggle had erupted between the whites and the blacks, owing to the discrepancy that had existed between these to sets of human beings and Africans being considered minorities. The United States Senate rejected this move and it refused to concur with the amendment and the entire measure was all lost. Was there are any possible and fair move that would have resolved this conflict? Equity/ fairness were not the tools to play in this context for they would have achieved minimal if not insignificant difference. During the following secession that is between 1819- 1820, a similar bill was passed with an amendment, which was introduced on 26 January 1820, by sir John W. Taylor of New York, which permitted Missouri into a union as a slave state. This quest was completed with the admission of Alabama as a slave state in December rendering the number of slave and Free states equal. Consequently, a bill was passed in the house on January 3rd 1820, admitting Maine as a Free State . However, the Senate thought and decided to merge the two measures together, whereby a bill for admission of Maine accompanied by an amendment enabling the people of Missouri to establish a state constitution was amended (http://www. infoplease. com/ce6/history/A0833427. html). Just before the bill was send back to the house, a second amendment was adopted stirred by Jesse B. Thomas of Illinois which excluded slavery from the Missouri territory to the north and southern boundaries of Missouri, further exempting the proposed regions within the limits of the proposed state of Missouri. Disputes emerged between the two ends that is the southern and the northern states struggling for power in congress and control over the future territories. This discourse emerged as the different factions and the democratic – Republican Party began losing its coherence. In April 21st Thomas Jefferson wrote a letter stating that such kind of a division created by the comprehensive compromise line would however, lead to the destruction of the union. Congress considerations over the admission of Missouri raised issues of sectional balance, for the country had become equally divided between slave and free slave states each having a composition of eleven regions (http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/aia/part3/3h511. html). The admission of Missouri as a slave state was to tip up the balance in the senate which was composed of two senators from each state in due favor of the slave states. As a result of this discourse states along the northern hemisphere wanted Maine to be admitted as a free state. By the beginning of the year 1818, Missouri had expanded in terms of population and it gained sufficient population enough to warrant its admission into a union state. Its occupants largely originated from the south and it was expected that this would be a slave state. A state house bill was passed in the house of representatives by James Tallmadge of New York the same year proposing an amendment that would ban the importation of slave trade and bring an ultimate emancipation of the slaves born in Missouri . A close analysis following this proceedings ranging from the two ends showed that justice was sort through legal procedures and fairness was not the tool to attack the whole issue. In reference to this effect another amendment was passed to the house in February 1819 where the senate was not involved . Bitterness among candidates from both ends during the debate sharply placed emphasis towards the sectional division of Unite States (http://www. americaslibrary. gov/cgibin/page. cgi/aa/presidents/monroe/compromise_1). In 1820, a bill admitting Maine as a state was also passed through the house. This was precisely a legal proceeding that was meant to ensure justice was observed to settle the conflict. The successful admission of Alabama as a slave state by the year 1819 converged the Free states and slave states to equal representations in the senate. This was achieved through pairing Maine and Missouri to be Free states. This equality was to be maintained. The two bills were later merged together as one senate, both having a clause forbidding slavery in Missouri and further prohibiting slavery in the remaining parts of Louisiana the Upper north 36 30’N lat and the southern boundary latitude of Missouri. This compromise bill was rejected by the house. The rejection called for another conference meeting made up of members from both houses to ponder the issue not based on legal procedure but this time to consider equity and fairness was done on both sides. These bills were however, treated as separate entities and by March, 1820, Maine achieved its goals and it was made a state of its own while Missouri was authorized to establish a constitution of its own having no restrictions on slavery. Stern legal procedures were to be observed in order to ensure the senate proceedings were not driven by personal or individual opinions, but whatever move taken was to be a consolidation of thoughts through various forums and consultations. The provisions to the Missouri constitution permiting the immigration of the free blacks to the states was highly objected by the many northern congressmen, a situation which called for another congressional compromise. This discourse would have stirred more conflicts once more. Stern legal procedures were to be observed this time round to settle this dispute (http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/aia/part3/3h511. html). The Missouri legislature stood up vividly this time round to defend his constitution and held its power high that nothing in his constitution would be interpreted to abridge the rights of the citizens of United States a move that saw the charter ratified and Missouri was admitted to the Union In August 1821. Henry Clay, the speaker of the senate did not either match to secure passage of the entire compromise. The application of Missouri to be offered consideration for statehood sparked a bitter debate in the congress concerning the issue of territories which had been created as a result of the purchase of Louisiana of 1803. With the concern that the southern end would have representational advantage, Ney York Congressman James Tallmadge introduced another amendment that was to prohibit any further expansion of slavery within the area. This action was however, to set the children of Missouri free. Despites the many dangers and challenges for having free blacks intermingling with slaves, Tallmadge come out rightly to defend his people, and he declared that he was aware of the will of his constituents and as their representatives he avowed to proclaim their hatred to slavery occurring in any shape. Once more, legal procedures had to take toes to resolve this conflict and a consensus was reached when the two parts compromised the situation. At last the northern part of Massachusetts finally become Maine and it was later admitted to the union as a free state the same time when Missouri was being admitted as a slave state. The two ends thereby, maintained an equal balance of regions where Missouri had 12, and Maine got 12 respectively. By and large, an imaginary line, 36 digress 30 minutes north latitude was drawn while the portions of Louisiana territory lying along the north of the compromise line were to be set as Free states (http://civilwar. bluegrass. net/secessioncrisis/200303. html). Work Cited Secession Crisis: The Missouri Compromise â€Å"A Balance of Power† March 3, 1820. Retrieved on 24th July 2009 from, http://civilwar. bluegrass. net/secessioncrisis/200303. html Missouri Compromise. Retrieved on 24th July 2009 from, http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/aia/part3/3h511. html The Missouri Compromise. Retrieved on 24th July 2009 from, http://www. americaslibrary. gov/cgibin/page. cgi/aa/presidents/monroe/compromise_1 Missouri Compromise. Retrieved on 24th July 3009 from, http://www. infoplease. com/ce6/history/A0833427. html How to cite America missouri, Papers

Vital Signs free essay sample

Her hands flew with precision, each movement carefully thought out. Her face was painted with frustration; this was her only means of communication, and I couldnt understand. I ducked my head in embarrassment and fetched a pen and notepad to explain to my best friends mom the reason for my visit. For five years this was the norm. Each time I entered the room, my mind flooded with guilt and anxiety. I always needed someone to interpret for me. Her daughter-in-law, even her grandchildren, wouldnt take the time to learn sign language, but I was not okay with being another person in her life who made her feel like an unimportant outcast. That night I kept seeing that look of alienation on her face, and I thought of nothing else for days. The next time I saw Cheryl, I refused to get the notepad or let my friend Sean interpret. We will write a custom essay sample on Vital Signs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had decided to learn, no matter what it took. The only signs I knew were the alphabet, but I could see the pleased glow on her face as I spelled out each word, letter by letter. I wondered how she felt knowing that someone cared enough to learn to communicate with her. Sean worked with me, spelling words to help me practice. He also showed me basic signs like â€Å"you,† â€Å"Mom,† â€Å"Dad,† â€Å"please,† and â€Å"thank you.† Sometimes I went to Seans house to watch his family converse. Id pick up new signs, but someone still had to help me. Other days I would sit with Cheryl for hours spelling words and she would teach me the corresponding signs. When I started this process I was excited to learn something new; I never fathomed how many opportunities would open up as a result, not to mention the close relationship I would develop with Cheryl. Within three weeks I had learned basic American Sign Language (ASL). I wasnt very good, but my effort and love for the language showed in each sign I mastered. I was so eager to put my new knowledge to use, I convinced my drama teacher to do a play in sign language. I would sign in my sleep. Random stuff, lines from the play, things I wanted to tell Cheryl, lyrics to songs, even things my English teacher said in class. I felt great about my progress – until I was with Cheryl. Then my hands would jumble up; it was embarrassing. In a group conversation everybody had to slow down and wait for me so I could understand. One night at dinner it clicked. Everyone was signing, and suddenly I could follow the conversation. As Sean lifted his hands to interpret for me, I could see disappointment in Cheryls eyes, but I didnt stop him. Cheryl slapped his hand, looked me in the eyes, and signed directly to me. She said that no one was allowed to interpret for me anymore. She knew my heart and how much I loved her culture. I left their house that night feeling very happy. I knew that ASL would be part of my life forever. About a month ago, Cheryl, Sean, my dad, and I took a trip to California State University, Northridge. As we sat in the office of the Deaf Studies student advisor, no one interpreted and I understood. He explained the education I would receive to become a sign language interpreter and how hed like me to start in an advanced ASL class. I left the university so excited. So many people miss out on getting to know people who are deaf because of their inability to communicate with them. Now I would be able to help. That night Cheryl and I sat in our hotel room; she reached out and signed with smiling eyes. Unlike the days in her living room with a notepad, I understood and signed back, â€Å"I love you, too!†